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Solid state lighting LED



Current applications

Almost all are familiar with LEDs, we know of them at the front of many daily-use equipment, such as radios, televisions, cell phones and digital display clocks

Future :
With the introduction of new materials that have helped create led virtually the entire spectrum of visible colors, while providing a luminous efficiency that exceeds that of incandescent lamps these bright, efficient and colorful new LEDs are expanding their domain to a broad Applications range lighting field displacing its previous domain was the only indication.

Questions and Answers about Leds
P1 which are the leds?
R The LED lamps are basically solid state, or no filament or inert gas that surrounds it, capsule or coated with glass.
The LED is a semiconductor joined two terminals anode and cathode (negative and positive respectively), covered by a transparent epoxy resin.
When a current flowing through the LED produces an effect called electroluminescence or LED emits monochromatic light at frequencies ranging from infrared through the entire spectrum of visible light and ultraviolet up.

P2 From that time dating?
R Led the first practice was released in 1962

P3 Where are they used?
R LEDs began to be used as indicators in the first of many teams in domestic use, as indicators on / off, vúmetros, digital displays, and so on. This was the main use for many years primarily due to its low luminosity. Today it is increasingly being used in exterior signs and lighting and replacing incandescent lamps with its improved luminance efficiency.
Other applications include variable message signs (VMS), giant screens, traffic lights and traffic signals, replacing the position lights, brakes and interior lighting in automobiles, infrared light therapy for medical applications, infrared barriers, remote controls, etc.

P4 LEDs have the advantages that compared to incandescent lamps?
R They have several sales within which we can cite:

Small size: Only a few cubic millimeters

Reduced power consumption: Usually in the order of 100mW, compared to 1 watt of smaller bulbs.

High conversion efficiency: This is a big part of the electrical energy input is transformed into light energy.

Long life: Up to 100,000 hours of life compared with 8000 hours life of a good incandescent lamp.

High mechanical strength: Being 100% solid elements, resist shock and vibration much better than an incandescent lamp.

Advantages of LED lighting

The LED technology has come to our days connected to the electricity grid and 230V applications for vehicles such as motorcycles and cars.
The advantages of this technology are many, which listed below:
  • With LED technology produces a lower heat dissipation. This is because the incandescent light emitted in the visible spectrum, and the diffuser (which makes filter) which allows only the required color and the rest of the spectrum is transformed into heat, while the LED emits monochromatic light directly in the wavelength of color required, there is no conversion of light into heat.
  • This difference in the emission of light from incandescent over the filter and the LED, making it more efficient, since all the light emitted by light source is used in the illumination of light.
  • The life of the incandescent lamp is 6000 hours while the LED can reach 100,000 hours, ie 17 times higher.
  • High flux and intensity directed.
  • Significant size for many different design options.
  • High efficiency, energy saving.
  • White light..
  • All colors (460 nm to 650 nm).
  • Low voltage requirements and consumption.
  • High resistance to shock and vibration.
  • No U. V. radiation
  • Can easily be programmed and controlled.
  • Different forms of radiation at different angles
Thus, different studies in these countries reflected the following results:
  • Experience in the city of Stockholm (Sweden), over four years of implementation of LEDs for red light signals and two years with complete systems with the three colors has yielded excellent results in terms of system reliability and energy savings.
  • The city of Manhattan, Kansas (USA), has been using LED technology in traffic signals red light signals for several years. Initially used for signaling left turns, and has gradually expanded its use to all new installations of red light. Currently, municipal specifications for installation of new lights require the use of this technology and are achieving high levels of energy savings of around 89%.
  • In the city of St Paul, Minnesota (USA) have replaced all the red lights for pedestrians conventional indicators of LED technology. Indicators in 5764 were replaced, the expected annual electricity savings is $ 131,400 (150,300?). This represents a great benefit to the taxpayer when taking into account also that the useful life of these systems is about 100,000 hours, compared with 6000 hours of conventional systems.
  • In Spain, this technology has been used in cities such as Vitoria, Palma de Mallorca, Sevilla and Barcelona as well as toll roads.
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